https://justmaker.github.io/tags/%E9%9F%B3%E9%9A%8E/Recent content in 音階 on Justmaker's KBHugo -- gohugo.iozh-twMon, 03 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000https://justmaker.github.io/post/piano/music-theory/Mon, 03 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000https://justmaker.github.io/post/piano/music-theory/<h2 id="大小調">大小調 </h2><ul> <li><strong>全音</strong> (whole step) / <strong>半音</strong> (half step)</li> <li><strong>大調</strong>：1W 2W 3H 4W 5W 6W 7H 1</li> <li><strong>小調</strong>：Major 的三六七降低半音 → 1W 2H 3W 4W 5H 6W 7W 1</li> </ul> <h2 id="音程-interval">音程 (Interval) </h2><table> <thead> <tr> <th>半音數</th> <th>0</th> <th>1</th> <th>2</th> <th>3</th> <th>4</th> <th>5</th> <th>6</th> <th>7</th> <th>8</th> <th>9</th> <th>10</th> <th>11</th> <th>12</th> <th>13</th> <th>14</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>音程</td> <td>P1</td> <td>m2</td> <td>M2</td> <td>m3</td> <td>M3</td> <td>P4</td> <td>d5/a4</td> <td>P5</td> <td>m6</td> <td>M6</td> <td>m7</td> <td>M7</td> <td>P8</td> <td>m9</td> <td>M9</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h3 id="perfect-完全音程">Perfect 完全音程 </h3><p><strong>完全協和音程 (Perfect consonances)</strong>：</p> <ul> <li>P1, P4 (5H), P5 (7H), P8 (12H)</li> </ul> <h3 id="major-大音程">Major 大音程 </h3><p><strong>不完全協和音程 (Imperfect consonances)</strong>：</p> <ul> <li>M3 (4H), M6 (9H)</li> </ul> <p><strong>其他</strong>：M2 (2H), M7 (11H), M9 (14H)</p> <h3 id="minor-小音程">Minor 小音程 </h3><p><strong>不完全協和音程</strong>：</p> <ul> <li>m3 (3H), m6 (8H)</li> </ul> <p><strong>不協和音程 (Dissonant)</strong>：</p> <ul> <li>m2 (1H), m7 (10H), m9 (13H)</li> </ul> <h2 id="和弦形狀-chord-shapes">和弦形狀 (Chord Shapes) </h2><p>以鍵盤黑白鍵位置來分類，快速記憶和弦指型：</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>類型</th> <th>和弦</th> <th>鍵盤形狀</th> <th>記法</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>All White Keys</td> <td>C, F, G</td> <td>白白白</td> <td>124 or 135 最好用</td> </tr> <tr> <td>WBW</td> <td>D, E, A</td> <td>白黑白</td> <td>—</td> </tr> <tr> <td>BWB</td> <td>D♭, E♭, A♭</td> <td>黑白黑</td> <td>—</td> </tr> <tr> <td>特殊</td> <td>G♭</td> <td>黑黑黑 (BBB)</td> <td>—</td> </tr> <tr> <td>特殊</td> <td>B♭</td> <td>白黑黑 (WBB)</td> <td>—</td> </tr> <tr> <td>特殊</td> <td>B</td> <td>黑白白 (BWW)</td> <td>—</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h2 id="c-大調和弦">C 大調和弦 </h2><h3 id="和弦角色">和弦角色 </h3><table> <thead> <tr> <th>角色</th> <th>和弦</th> <th>功能</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><strong>主和弦</strong></td> <td>C</td> <td>開始、結束、穩定</td> </tr> <tr> <td><strong>屬和弦</strong></td> <td>G, G7</td> <td>一半、尚未結束、不穩定</td> </tr> <tr> <td><strong>下屬和弦</strong></td> <td>Dm, F</td> <td>中介性質</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h3 id="大三和弦-vs-小三和弦">大三和弦 vs 小三和弦 </h3><ul> <li><strong>大三</strong>：1 → (4半音) → 3 → (3半音) → 5</li> <li><strong>小三</strong>：1 → (3半音) → ♭3 → (4半音) → 5</li> </ul> <p>順階和弦：<strong>1 2m 3m 4 5 6m</strong></p> <ul> <li>大 → 小：中間音降半音</li> <li>小 → 大：中間音升半音</li> </ul> <h2 id="和弦轉位">和弦轉位 </h2><p>以 1645 為例：</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>原位</th> <th>轉位</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>C</td> <td>C</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Am</td> <td>Am/C</td> </tr> <tr> <td>F</td> <td>F/C</td> </tr> <tr> <td>G</td> <td>G/B</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>轉位的目的是讓低音線條更平滑，減少跳躍。</p> <h2 id="中英對照表">中英對照表 </h2><table> <thead> <tr> <th>中文</th> <th>英文</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>全音</td> <td>whole step</td> </tr> <tr> <td>半音</td> <td>half step</td> </tr> <tr> <td>降</td> <td>flat</td> </tr> <tr> <td>升</td> <td>sharp</td> </tr> <tr> <td>音階</td> <td>scale</td> </tr> <tr> <td>音程</td> <td>interval</td> </tr> <tr> <td>唱名</td> <td>solfege</td> </tr> </tbody> </table>